Guava (<i>Psidium guajava</i> L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Bioactivities
Manoj Kumar,
Maharishi Tomar,
Ryszard Amarowicz,
Vivek Saurabh,
M. Sneha Nair,
Chirag Maheshwari,
Minnu Sasi,
Uma Prajapati,
Muzaffar Hasan,
Surinder Singh,
Sushil Changan,
Rakesh Kumar Prajapat,
Mukesh K. Berwal,
Varsha Satankar
Affiliations
Manoj Kumar
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
Maharishi Tomar
ICAR—Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, India
Ryszard Amarowicz
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
Vivek Saurabh
Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
M. Sneha Nair
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad 121004, Haryana, India
Chirag Maheshwari
Department of Agriculture Energy and Power, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India
Minnu Sasi
Division of Biochemistry, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Uma Prajapati
Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Muzaffar Hasan
Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India
Surinder Singh
Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
Sushil Changan
Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR—Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
Rakesh Kumar Prajapat
School of Agriculture, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India
Mukesh K. Berwal
Division of Crop improvement, ICAR—Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner 334006, India
Varsha Satankar
Ginning Training Centre, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Nagpur 440023, India
Psidium guajava (L.) belongs to the Myrtaceae family and it is an important fruit in tropical areas like India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and South America. The leaves of the guava plant have been studied for their health benefits which are attributed to their plethora of phytochemicals, such as quercetin, avicularin, apigenin, guaijaverin, kaempferol, hyperin, myricetin, gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, and caffeic acid. Extracts from guava leaves (GLs) have been studied for their biological activities, including anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, lipid-lowering, and hepatoprotection activities. In the present review, we comprehensively present the nutritional profile and phytochemical profile of GLs. Further, various bioactivities of the GL extracts are also discussed critically. Considering the phytochemical profile and beneficial effects of GLs, they can potentially be used as an ingredient in the development of functional foods and pharmaceuticals. More detailed clinical trials need to be conducted to establish the efficacy of the GL extracts.
