Effect of pre-sowing crop rotation and nitrogen consumption on quantities and qualities yield of rice (Oryza sativa)

Abstract

Regular rice transplanting due to flooding, puddling and leveling has a negative impact on the soil structure, chemical properties and soil microbial activity. Therefore, the study was conducted on the effect of residues of pre-sowing some plants on quantitative and qualitative yield of rice in crop rotation. The experiment was conducted as split plots based on a randomized complete blocks design with four replications in Sari region during 2016 and 2017. Six crop rotation levels including fallow (control), faba bean, clover, perko, buko, and clover + ramtil + phaselia were used as main plots and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer including no consumption (control), 50% less than recommendation amount, recommendation amount based on soil test and 50% more than recommendation amount were 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha of urea source as a sub plots, respectively According to the findings, the highest paddy yield (5147 kg/ha) was obtained for perko pre-sowing with 100 kg urea consumption per hectare, and pre-sowing of buko and multiple of clover + ramtil + phaselia was ranked next with 100 kg urea consumption per hectare. Totally, the highest paddy yield was achieved with pre-sowing of perko, buko, multiple of clover + ramtil + phaselia and clover and nitrogen consumption equals 100 kg urea per hectare. But, in pre-sowing of faba beans and fallow, the highest paddy yield was obtained with nitrogen consumption higher than recommendation amount (150 kg/ha). The highest protein yield was attributed to perko and buko pre-sowing. Moreover, the highest conversion efficiency, amylose content and gel consistency were obtained with perko pre-sowing, and these parameters got ranked next with pre-sowing of buko, clover + ramtil + phaselia, clover and faba bean, respectively.

Keywords

• buko
• perko
• phaselia
• plant residue
• potassium uptake
• nitrogen uptake
• ramtil