Mining human clinical waste as a rich source of stem cells for neural regeneration
Zahra Eivazi Zadeh,
Shirin Nour,
Sogol Kianersi,
Farinaz Jonidi Shariatzadeh,
Richard J. Williams,
David R. Nisbet,
Kiara F. Bruggeman
Affiliations
Zahra Eivazi Zadeh
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Shirin Nour
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
Sogol Kianersi
Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
Farinaz Jonidi Shariatzadeh
Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
Richard J. Williams
The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
David R. Nisbet
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Founder and Scientific Advisory of Nano Status, Building 137, Sullivans Creek Rd, ANU, Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Corresponding author
Kiara F. Bruggeman
Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research, School of Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Corresponding author
Summary: Neural diseases are challenging to treat and are regarded as one of the major causes of disability and morbidity in the world. Stem cells can provide a solution, by offering a mechanism to replace damaged circuitry. However, obtaining sufficient cell sources for neural regeneration remains a significant challenge. In recent years, waste-derived stem(-like) cells (WDS-lCs) extracted from both prenatal and adult clinical waste tissues/products, have gained increasing attention for application in neural tissue repair and remodeling. This often-overlooked pool of cells possesses favorable characteristics; including self-renewal, neural differentiation, secretion of neurogenic factors, cost-effectiveness, and low ethical concerns. Here, we offer a perspective regarding the biological properties, extraction protocols, and preclinical and clinical treatments where prenatal and adult WDS-lCs have been utilized for cell replacement therapy in neural applications, and the challenges involved in optimizing these approaches toward patient led therapies.
