Pression anthropique et dynamique de l’occupation du sol autour du corridor n°1 du complexe écologique Pô-Nazinga-Sissili au Burkina Faso

Abstract

Anthropic pressure and land use dynamics around corridor n°1 of the Pô-Nazinga-Sissili ecological complex in Burkina Faso In Burkina Faso, within the Pô-Nazinga-Sissili ecological complex, known as PONASI in the south-central part of the country, rapid population growth and climatic variability lead to frequent, but generally unplanned, changes in land use. The present study assesses the landscape dynamics around Corridor 1 of the PONASI ecological complex based on the processing of Landsat images from 1996, 2006, 2016 and 2020, complemented by landscape ecology analysis tools. The results reveal that in 24 years (from 1996 to 2020), the areas of pasture, gallery forest and fallow land have regressed by 50 %, 40 % and 98 % respectively through fragmentation and suppression processes. Conversely, the fields have expanded in the landscape, their surface being multiplied by 11, as a consequence of the creation and aggregation of tasks. The landscape dynamics is thus materialized by the replacement of pastures, the matrix of the landscape until 2006, by the fields that constituted the new matrix of the landscape from 2016. Consequently, the anthropization of the landscape induced by agricultural development is illustrated by the level of landscape disturbance that has increased from 0.30 to 1.83, a consequence of the absence of accompanying measures of land use plans in a context of rapid population growth. Our observations imply the need to develop a participatory natural resource management policy taking into account the socio-economic context of the study area.

Keywords

• landscape dynamics
• spatial transformation processes
• remote sensing
• landscape ecology
• anthropization