Evaluation the clinical effects of neuroleptanalgesia (Remifentanil-Acepromazine, Remifentanil-Xylazine, and Remifentanil-Midazolam) during intubation and some minor surgical operations

Abstract

The present study intends to evaluate and compare the clinical effects of neuroleptanalgesia induced by using one of the sedative-opioid or tranquilizer-opioid (neuroleptanalgesia) combinations during intubation and some minor surgical operations in dogs. Twenty seven apparently healthy dogs weighing from (15-20 kg) and aged (2-4 years) were divided into three groups, all animals were premedicated with atropine (0.03 mg/kg BW) IM, after 15 minutes neuroleptanalgesia induced as follows: Group 1, giving Acepromazine 1mg/kg BW IM and remifentanil 0.5 μg/kg BW IV. Group 2, giving Xylazine 2mg/kg BW IM and remifentanil 0.5 μg/kg BW IV. Group 3, giving Midazolam 0.2mg/kg BW IM and remifentanil 0.5 μg/kg BW IV), in 10 minutes interval respectively in all groups. The following parameters were used for evaluation during the state of (neuroleptanalgesia), eye reflexes, duration and degree of surgical analgesia, a degree of sedation, muscle relaxation, respiratory rate, rectal body temperature, and heart rate and rhythm. The results of the study were characterized by good sedation with a minor change in heart and respiratory rates and body temperature with excellent analgesia and muscle relaxation quite enough to performed intubation, docking and declawing in groups one and two and less in quality in the third group. Neuroleptanalgesia programs in all groups are good for reducing fear and induce restraint necessary for diagnostic procedures, physical examination or some minor surgical operations