Case report of atypical undernutrition of hypoproteinemia type

Abstract

Albumin and prealbumin serve as vital markers reflecting hepatic synthesis activity and overall body nutrient status. Hypoproteinemia can result from various etiological factors, with reduced blood inflow into the liver due to portal vein thrombosis being one such cause. However, literature addressing this specific association remains limited. This report presents an atypical case of malnutrition involving a patient who experienced prolonged hypoproteinemia attributable to a gradual decline in hepatic blood perfusion caused by progressive portal thrombosis and cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV). The case encompasses an in-depth analysis of the factors contributing to undernutrition, the etiology and diagnosis of hypoproteinemia, and its clinical implications. Vigilance for the presence of hypoproteinemia is essential in the management of patients afflicted by progressive portal vein thrombosis complicated by CTPV. Timely and effective interventions aimed at rectifying hypoproteinemia can significantly enhance clinical outcomes. Moreover, reduced hepatic blood flow should be considered a plausible underlying cause in cases of unexplained hypoproteinemia, warranting thorough evaluation. This case underscores the importance of recognizing the intricate interplay between hepatic vascular pathology and protein homeostasis in clinical practice.

Keywords

• cavernous transformation of the portal vein
• hypoproteinemia
• portal thrombosis
• undernutrition