Caractérisation des parcs à Cordyla pinnata (Lepr. ex A. Rich.) Milne-Redh. et Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev. dans les communes de Mérina Dakhar et de Kahi du bassin arachidier sénégalais

Abstract

The Senegalese peanut basin presents different types of agroforestry parks. The present study aims to characterize the woody species of two types of parks following a rainfall gradient. 185 vegetation surveys measuring 50 m x 25 m, or 1250 m2, were carried out, including 104 in Kahi and 81 in Mérina. The results show a specific richness of 40 species distributed in 37 genera belonging to 20 families in the Cordyla pinnata parks and 22 species in 20 genera belonging to 12 families in the Faidherbia albida parks. The density of woody trees is almost three times greater in the North in the Faidherbia parks compared to the South in the Cordyla parks. The stand regeneration rate is very high and exceeds 95% regardless of the type of park. The specific importance of regeneration in Mérina Dakhar is dominated by Annona senegalensis (44.85%) and in the Kahi zone by Guiera senegalensis (47.38%). The horizontal structure presents a bimodal distribution for the Cordyla pinnata park where individuals with diameters of 20-40 cm and 70-80 cm dominate; and a bell-shaped distribution for the park with Faidherbia albida where individuals 30-60 cm in diameter dominate. The anthropization index is higher in the North with 83.03% in the Mérina zone compared to the South with 43.79% in the Kahi zone. The study shows an aging of the parks with the presence of mainly adult individuals. The practice of RNA could promote regeneration.

Keywords

• regeneration
• Faidherbia albida
• Cordyla pinnata
• structure
• agroforestry parks
• Peanut basin of Senegal