Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. and Artemisia annua L. in the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. (paniculate wormwood) and Artemisia annua L. (annual wormwood), grown in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden - National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (NBG-NSC RAS). The Nikitsky Botanical Garden is the originator of Artemisia scoparia cv. varieties. Tavrida and Artemisia annua cv. Novichok, which are included in the Register of varieties of Russia allowed for distribution in the south of Russia. Both varieties are of interest as resource varieties having a significant potential for use as sources of essential oil, biologically active compounds, as well as aromatic and medicinal. Analysis of samples of the aboveground part of plants showed that the maximum content of essential oil in Artemisia scoparia accumulates at the end of flowering (1.78±0.15% of the dry weight), and in Artemisia annua – at the beginning of flowering (2.95-3.14% of the dry weight). In addition, the essential oil of Artemisia scoparia is a valuable source of polyacetylene compounds (capillin, capillene), and the aboveground part of Artemisia annua is a source of artemisinin sesquiterpene lactone.