Advances in Public Health (Jan 2024)

Epidemiology Analysis of COVID-19 Data and Associated Effects of Pandemic Containment Procedures, Viral Variants, and Vaccines: Lessons Learned From Middle Eastern Jordan’s Experience

  • Rima Hajjo,
  • Dima A. Sabbah,
  • Sanaa K. Bardaweel,
  • Osama H. Abusara

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1155/adph/2977631
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 2024

Abstract

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Learning from past pandemics is essential for addressing future threats. Our analysis of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Jordan highlights key epidemiological trends, government responses, and the impact of viral variants. Jordan experienced four significant epidemic waves, each with distinct patterns in daily cases and deaths influenced by viral evolution, vaccination efforts, and containment measures. The government’s early strict measures initially delayed community transmission, but later relaxations led to sustained spread. Vaccination began in January 2021, successfully including refugees, and significantly reduced deaths, though its effect on infection rates is still debated. Genomic analysis identified dominant variants, such as B.1.1.312 and B.1.617.2, throughout the waves. This study underscores the need to understand the role of viral variants in disease dynamics for effective pandemic preparedness and offers insights into best practices for managing future health crises.