The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2023)
ALMA Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP): A Forming Quadruple System with Continuum “Ribbons” and Intricate Outflows
- Qiu-yi Luo,
- Tie Liu,
- Aaron T. Lee,
- Stella S. R. Offner,
- James di Francesco,
- Doug Johnstone,
- Mika Juvela,
- Paul F. Goldsmith,
- Sheng-Li Qin,
- Xiaofeng Mai,
- Xun-chuan Liu,
- Patricio Sanhueza,
- Feng-Wei Xu,
- Ken’ichi Tatematsu,
- Somnath Dutta,
- Huei-Ru Vivien Chen,
- Shanghuo Li,
- Aiyuan Yang,
- Sheng-Yuan Liu,
- Chin-Fei Lee,
- Naomi Hirano,
- Chang Won Lee,
- Dipen Sahu,
- Hsien Shang,
- Shih-Ying Hsu,
- Leonardo Bronfman,
- Woojin Kwon,
- M. G. Rawlings,
- David Eden,
- Xing Lu,
- Qi-lao Gu,
- Zhiyuan Ren,
- D. Ward-Thompson,
- Zhi-Qiang Shen
Affiliations
- Qiu-yi Luo
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]; School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Tie Liu
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Aaron T. Lee
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Saint Mary’s College of California , 1928 Saint Mary’s Road, Moraga, CA 94575, USA
- Stella S. R. Offner
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Texas Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA
- James di Francesco
- ORCiD
- NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics , 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC, V9E 2E7, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria , 3800 Finnerty Road, Elliot Building, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
- Doug Johnstone
- ORCiD
- NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics , 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC, V9E 2E7, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria , 3800 Finnerty Road, Elliot Building, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
- Mika Juvela
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014, University of Helsinki , Finland
- Paul F. Goldsmith
- ORCiD
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Sheng-Li Qin
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
- Xiaofeng Mai
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]; School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Xun-chuan Liu
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Patricio Sanhueza
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Feng-Wei Xu
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Ken’ichi Tatematsu
- ORCiD
- Nobeyama Radio Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Nobeyama, Minamimaki, Minamisaku, Nagano 384-1305, Japan; Astronomical Science Program, Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies , SOKENDAI,2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Somnath Dutta
- ORCiD
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Huei-Ru Vivien Chen
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Shanghuo Li
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Aiyuan Yang
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- Sheng-Yuan Liu
- ORCiD
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Chin-Fei Lee
- ORCiD
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Naomi Hirano
- ORCiD
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Chang Won Lee
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , 776 Daedeokdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea; University of Science and Technology , Korea (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Dipen Sahu
- ORCiD
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Physical Research laboratory , Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
- Hsien Shang
- ORCiD
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Shih-Ying Hsu
- ORCiD
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Leonardo Bronfman
- ORCiD
- Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile , Las Condes, 7591245 Santiago, Chile
- Woojin Kwon
- ORCiD
- Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; SNU Astronomy Research Center, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- M. G. Rawlings
- ORCiD
- Gemini Observatory/NSF’s NOIRLab , 670 N. A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- David Eden
- ORCiD
- Armagh Observatory and Planetarium, College Hill , Armagh, BT61 9DB, UK
- Xing Lu
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Qi-lao Gu
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Zhiyuan Ren
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Datun Rd. A20, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- D. Ward-Thompson
- ORCiD
- Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, UCLAN , Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
- Zhi-Qiang Shen
- ORCiD
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acdddf
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 952,
no. 1
p. L2
Abstract
One of the most poorly understood aspects of low-mass star formation is how multiple-star systems are formed. Here we present the results of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 6 observations toward a forming quadruple protostellar system, G206.93-16.61E2, in the Orion B molecular cloud. ALMA 1.3 mm continuum emission reveals four compact objects, of which two are Class I young stellar objects and the other two are likely in prestellar phase. The 1.3 mm continuum emission also shows three asymmetric ribbon-like structures that are connected to the four objects, with lengths ranging from ∼500 to ∼2200 au. By comparing our data with magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we suggest that these ribbons trace accretion flows and also function as gas bridges connecting the member protostars. Additionally, ALMA CO J = 2−1 line emission reveals a complicated molecular outflow associated with G206.93-16.61E2, with arc-like structures suggestive of an outflow cavity viewed pole-on.
Keywords
