A study to determine the clinical, hematological, cytogenetic, and molecular profile in CML patient in and around Eastern UP, India

Abstract

Introduction: Myeloproliferative disorders are characterized by proliferation of one or more myeloid lineages cells. In order to assess the burden of these illness for public health planning, it is important to know their frequency. Objectives: A study to determine the clinical, hematological, cytogenetic, and molecular profile in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patient in and around Eastern UP, India. Materials and Methods: Newly diagnosed and follow-up adult and pediatric cases of myeloproliferative disorder were taken into study. Detailed history, physical, and systemic examination was done with informed consent. Investigations like complete blood count including hemoglobin level, platelet count, total and differential leucocyte count, general blood picture, and bone marrow aspiration/biopsy were done. Molecular and cytogenetic studies were also done whenever required. Results: In total, 90 patients were enrolled in the study. The median age of presentation of CML was 37 years and the mean age was 38.6 years. M: F ratio of 1.4:1.75 patients (83%) were in CML-chronic phase (CP), 11 patients (12%) in CML-accelerated phase (AP) phase, and 4 patients (5%) were found in CML-blast crisis (BC) phase. The common symptoms of the patients were fullness of the abdomen (66.6%). Among these 69 cases, Philadelphia chromosome was present in 65 (94.2%) cases. Revers transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) was done in 40 out of 90 cases, breakpoint cluster region (BCR)-Abelson oncogene (ABL) gene came out to be positive in all the 40 cases. Conclusion: Most CML patients in eastern UP (India) are relatively young (31–40 years). In addition, males were more commonly affected.

Keywords

• BCR-ABL
• CML
• cytogenetics