Determination of Correlation of Width of Maxillary Anterior Teeth with Extraoral Factor (Interpupillary Width) in Indian Population

Abstract

Introduction: Selection of teeth has been a major concern during replacement of teeth for completely edentulous conditions. But little agreement on an effective method has been reached. There are no studies, which prove single esthetic factor that can be used reliably for selection of artificial teeth. This research was carried out as an attempt to better understand and analyse biometric parameters of Indian population. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the correlation of width of maxillary anterior teeth with extraoral factor (Interpupillary width) in different facial and tooth forms among Indian population. Materials and Methods: A total of one thousand and two hundred (n=1200) dentulous individuals who visited to Dental department for general dental check-up were included in this study. Subjects were selected based on Multistage Sampling. In the first stage, each state is considered as a cluster, which are selected randomly and in second stage from the selected states, the respondents are selected randomly using simple random sampling procedure. All intraoral measurements (CMA-Combined Width of Maxillary Anterior Teeth, MCIWRMaxillary Central Incisor Width Right Side, MCIWL-Maxillary Central Incisor Width Left Side, Tooth form) were carried out on the artificial stone casts of maxillary arches using dental floss, flexible ruler and digital vernier caliper. Extraoral Facial measurements (IPD-Interpupillary distance) were recorded using digital Vernier caliper. Independent t-test was used to compare two variables. Pearsons correlation was used to know interconnection between IPD and CMA, MCIWR, MCIWL by linear Correlation analysis. Simple and Multiple Regression Analysis was applied to predict the width of maxillary anterior teeth. One-way ANOVA was used to compare more than two means between different facial forms. To determine statistical significance, these tests were used in this study. Results: The dominant type of facial form in the studied population was oval with an incidence of 800 subjects. The mean Interpupillary distance was (59.07±3.06 mm). Interpupillary distance was strongly positively correlated with CMA (r=0.983), MCIWR (r=0.959), MCIWL (r=0.953). There was significant difference between males and females, the mean interpupillary width and widths of maxillary central incisor were greater in males. The difference in the mean IPD values was statistically significant between various facial and tooth forms, oval and square, square and tapering, oval and tapering, (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001), respectively. The distance between the center of the right and left pupils is suggested to be 5.9 times the width of the maxillary central incisor in Indian population. Conclusion: Hence findings of the present study showed that when the width of the maxillary central incisor (right and left) and CMA were compared with interpupillary width, strong positive correlation was found in Indian population. Hence, the findings of this study support the premise that single extraoral (IPD) anatomical variable, which was strongly correlated, justifies its use in choosing appropriately sized maxillary anterior teeth. However, final decisions about tooth selection should be made during the trial insertion stage of the denture and should be confirmed through consultation with the patient.

Keywords

• aesthetics
• central incisor
• edentulous
• teeth arrangement
• teeth selection
• upper arch