Assessment of Choroidal Thickness in Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography: A Case-control study

Abstract

Introduction: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a disease characterised by localised Neurosensory Detachment (NSD) with or without focal Pigment Epithelial Detachments (PED) and altered Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Since, CSCR being a pachychoroid entity the visualisation and evaluation of choroidal vessels have shown that vascular layers are altered in the disease process. Aim: To assess Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness (SFCT), in acute CSCR patients in both affected and fellow unaffected eyes using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT), and to compare these with age-matched control group. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control study, conducted between July 2018 to May 2019 at Outpatient Department (OPD) of Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, India. Total of 41 patients and 41 controls from OPD were included. Uncorrected Visual Acuity (UCVA) and Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) were measured on Snellen’s chart. After pupil dilatation, posterior segment evaluation with slit lamp bio microscopy using a 90D lens and documentation with fundus photograph were done. All subjects were examined using SS-OCT which was done for both the eyes. Descriptive analysis such as mean, standard deviation and percentage were used to exhibit the clinical parameters. Independent t-test analysis was more suitable for this data. All the statistical tests were examined with 5% (p-value≤0.05) level of significance. Results: The age (mean±SD) of cases and controls were 38.44±6.14 years and 37.21±2.72 years, respectively. The mean SFCT of affected and unaffected fellow eye of cases were 465.39±60.02 μm and 407.12±57.29 μm respectively, (p-value<0.001). The mean SFCT of affected eyes of cases and control group eyes were 465.39±60.02 μm and 267.5±34.40 μm respectively, (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: The choroid was significantly thicker in affected as well as unaffected eye of CSCR patient. This implies that the CSCR affect the choroidal thickness in both affected as well as unaffected eye of patient as compared to control group.

Keywords

• bullous retinal detachment
• pachychoroid
• pigment epithelial detachment