Pathogens (Dec 2021)

The First Bacterial Endocarditis Due to <i>Achromobacter xylosoxidans</i> in a Dog

  • Verena Steiner,
  • Adriana Cabal Rosel,
  • Werner Ruppitsch,
  • Franz Allerberger,
  • Alejandra Carranza Valencia,
  • Mato Markovic,
  • Nicole Luckschander-Zeller,
  • Michael P. Szostak,
  • Joachim Spergser,
  • Igor Loncaric,
  • Frank Künzel

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121580
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 12
p. 1580

Abstract

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Infectious endocarditis (IE) in dogs is often associated with a high mortality rate as diagnostic work-up as well as antibiotic treatment might be challenging. The present case describes bacteremia in a dog caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans, leading to an infectious endocarditis. Achromobacter xylosoxidans (A. xylosoxidans) is an aerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, which has been associated with multiple nosocomial opportunistic diseases in human medicine. One such manifestation of A. xylosoxidans infection is endocarditis. A. xylosoxidans infections are challenging to treat due to the reduced effectiveness of a wide range of antimicrobial agents. To date, only a few case reports of infections with A. xylosoxidans in animals have been described. This is the first case report of A. xylosoxidans endocarditis in a dog. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to determine the sequencing type and to gain more information about this bacterium regarding its intrinsic resistance genes. With this case report, we seek to increase awareness of A. xylosoxidans as an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen in dogs and to provide a short summary regarding the current state of general knowledge and known resistance patterns.

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