The First Bacterial Endocarditis Due to <i>Achromobacter xylosoxidans</i> in a Dog
Verena Steiner,
Adriana Cabal Rosel,
Werner Ruppitsch,
Franz Allerberger,
Alejandra Carranza Valencia,
Mato Markovic,
Nicole Luckschander-Zeller,
Michael P. Szostak,
Joachim Spergser,
Igor Loncaric,
Frank Künzel
Affiliations
Verena Steiner
Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medic and Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Adriana Cabal Rosel
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Werner Ruppitsch
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Franz Allerberger
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Alejandra Carranza Valencia
Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medic and Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Mato Markovic
Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medic and Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Nicole Luckschander-Zeller
Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medic and Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Michael P. Szostak
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Joachim Spergser
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Igor Loncaric
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Frank Künzel
Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medic and Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Infectious endocarditis (IE) in dogs is often associated with a high mortality rate as diagnostic work-up as well as antibiotic treatment might be challenging. The present case describes bacteremia in a dog caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans, leading to an infectious endocarditis. Achromobacter xylosoxidans (A. xylosoxidans) is an aerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, which has been associated with multiple nosocomial opportunistic diseases in human medicine. One such manifestation of A. xylosoxidans infection is endocarditis. A. xylosoxidans infections are challenging to treat due to the reduced effectiveness of a wide range of antimicrobial agents. To date, only a few case reports of infections with A. xylosoxidans in animals have been described. This is the first case report of A. xylosoxidans endocarditis in a dog. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to determine the sequencing type and to gain more information about this bacterium regarding its intrinsic resistance genes. With this case report, we seek to increase awareness of A. xylosoxidans as an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen in dogs and to provide a short summary regarding the current state of general knowledge and known resistance patterns.
