Frontiers in Pediatrics (Jul 2022)
Practice Summary of Antimicrobial Therapy for Commonly Encountered Conditions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Canadian Perspective
- Joseph Y. Ting,
- Joseph Y. Ting,
- Julie Autmizguine,
- Julie Autmizguine,
- Michael S. Dunn,
- Julie Choudhury,
- Julie Blackburn,
- Shikha Gupta-Bhatnagar,
- Katrin Assen,
- Julie Emberley,
- Sarah Khan,
- Jessica Leung,
- Grace J. Lin,
- Destiny Lu-Cleary,
- Frances Morin,
- Lindsay L. Richter,
- Isabelle Viel-Thériault,
- Ashley Roberts,
- Kyong-soon Lee,
- Erik D. Skarsgard,
- Joan Robinson,
- Prakesh S. Shah
Affiliations
- Joseph Y. Ting
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Joseph Y. Ting
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Julie Autmizguine
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Julie Autmizguine
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Michael S. Dunn
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Julie Choudhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Julie Blackburn
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Shikha Gupta-Bhatnagar
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Katrin Assen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Julie Emberley
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Sarah Khan
- 0Department of Microbiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Jessica Leung
- 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, United States
- Grace J. Lin
- 2School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Destiny Lu-Cleary
- 3Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Frances Morin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Lindsay L. Richter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Isabelle Viel-Thériault
- 4Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Ashley Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Kyong-soon Lee
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Erik D. Skarsgard
- 5Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Joan Robinson
- 6Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Prakesh S. Shah
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.894005
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10
Abstract
Neonates are highly susceptible to infections owing to their immature cellular and humoral immune functions, as well the need for invasive devices. There is a wide practice variation in the choice and duration of antimicrobial treatment, even for relatively common conditions in the NICU, attributed to the lack of evidence-based guidelines. Early decisive treatment with broad-spectrum antimicrobials is the preferred clinical choice for treating sick infants with possible bacterial infection. Prolonged antimicrobial exposure among infants without clear indications has been associated with adverse neonatal outcomes and increased drug resistance. Herein, we review and summarize the best practices from the existing literature regarding antimicrobial use in commonly encountered conditions in neonates.
Keywords
- neonate
- sepsis
- urinary tract infection
- surgical prophylaxis
- ventilator-associated pneumonia
- necrotizing enterocolitis
