Zhongguo quanke yixue (Dec 2022)
Risk Assessment of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease in Rural Naxi Population in Low-to-high Altitudes
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. There is still a lack of research reports on the risk assessment of cardiovascular disease in rural populations in Naxi, an area in low-to-high altitudes (1 000-3 500 meters) . Objective To investigate the exposure and aggregation of cardiovascular disease risk factors, and to assess the 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in rural population aged 35-75 years in Naxi area of Yunnan's Lijiang City from August to September 2020. Methods By use of random sampling, 35-75-year-old Naxi people were selected from 8 villages in Yunnan, and received a questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory examination. The 10-year ICVD risk was used to assess the modified 10-year ICVD risk Scale in Chinese Adults, and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 381 cases were included. Individuals from high altitudes had higher systolic blood pressure and triacylglycerol (TG) , and lower total cholesterol (TC) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) , and fasting blood glucose than those from moderate altitudes (P<0.05) . The exposure prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, smoking, dyslipidemia, overweight and obesity was 48.8%, 4.7%, 24.7%, 57.7%, and 29.1%, respectively. The smoking prevalence in men was significantly higher than that in women (P<0.01) .The exposure prevalence of hypertension and abnormal body weight increased with age (P<0.05) . Individuals from high altitudes had higher exposure prevalence of hypertension and lower exposure prevalence of diabetes than those moderate altitudes. There were 29.1%, 33.6%, and 21.5% of the participants with 1, 2, and 3 ICVD risk factors respectively. There was significant difference in ICVD risk factors clustered in different gender and age (P<0.05) .The absolute 10-year risk of ICVD in men was higher than that in women (P<0.05) . The absolute 10-year risk of ICVD differed significantly by age in both men and women (P<0.05) . Conclusion The 10-year risk of ICVD in 35-75-year-old rural Naxi people was high. Future prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases should focus on male and elderly groups.
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