EFFICIENCY OF NEEM OIL ON CITRUS LEPROSIS MITE Brevipalpus phoenicis (GEIJSKES, 1939) CONTROL EFICIÊNCIA DO ÓLEO DE NEEM NO CONTROLE DO ÁCARO DA LEPROSE DOS CITROS Brevipalpus phoenicis (GEIJSKES, 1939)

Abstract

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <style> st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p {mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0cm; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">In order to determine the efficiency of neem oil on citrus leprosis mite, <em>Brevipalpus phoenicis </em>(Geijskes), control, a laboratory test was conducted in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil, using a completely randomized design, with six treatments and six repetitions. Each plot was formed by one orange fruit (<em>Pêra Rio</em> variety). An area with 4 cm of diameter was delimited in each fruit, using Tanglefoot® adhesive. The methodology consisted in submerging each fruit of each treatment in the solution prepared with neem oil (Nim-I-Go®), with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% v/v; cyhexatin, with 0.025% v/v; and a check submerged in water. After 30 minutes of submersion, eight mites were placed in each fruit and evaluations were made after 24, 48, and 72 hours, determining the mite survival, mortality rate, and mites adhered to the glue. It was found that neem oil, at 1.5% v/v, showed high efficiency to control <em>B. phoenicis</em> on orange fruits, also obtaining the largest number of mites adhered to the glue. It may be concluded that, at this concentration, the product showed repellence action. Under laboratory conditions, the neem oil was effective for citrus leprosis mite control.</p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">KEY-WORDS: Citrus leprosis mite; <em>Azadirachta indica</em>.</p><p class="western" style="line-height: 200%" align="justify"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <style> st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:595.3pt 841.9pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:35.4pt; mso-footer-margin:35.4pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do óleo de neem no controle do ácaro-da-leprose, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), em citros, foi conduzido um bioensaio no laboratório de bioanálise da Gravena Ltda, em Jaboticabal, SP. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e seis repetições. Cada repetição foi constituída por um fruto de laranja (Pêra-Rio). Sobre cada fruto, delimitouse uma arena circular de 4 cm de diâmetro, com adesivo Tanglefoot®. Posteriormente, os frutos foram imersos na solução de cada tratamento. Os tratamentos avaliados foram o óleo de neem (Nim-I-Go®), nas concentrações de 0,5%, 1,0%, 1,5% e 2,0% de volume por volume [v/v]; o Sipcatin (cihexatin), a 0,025% de v/v; e uma testemunha, contendo apenas água. Trinta minutos após a imersão dos frutos nas soluções, oito ácaros foram transferidos para cada arena. A avaliação da mortalidade foi realizada a 24, 48 e 72 horas após a infestação dos ácaros nos frutos. O óleo de neem, a partir de 1,5% de v/v, controlou eficientemente B. phoenicis, sendo que efeitos significativos de repelência do neem foram observados a partir desta concentração, assim como promoveu a maior quantidade de ácaros aderida ao adesivo, permitindo inferir a ação de repelência do inseticida natural. O óleo de neem mostrou ser uma alternativa para o manejo do ácaro-da-leprose em citros.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br /> PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ácaro-da-leprose; Azadirachta indica.</p><p> </p>

Keywords

• Ácaro-da-leprose
• Azadirachta indica.