A numerical analysis of the blood-based Casson hybrid nanofluid flow past a convectively heated surface embedded in a porous medium

Abstract

The analysis of the fluid flow with the energy transfer across a stretching sheet has several applications in manufacturing developments such as wire drawing, hot rolling, metal extrusion, continuous casting, paper production, and glass fiber fabrication. The current examination presents the hybrid nanofluid flow past a convectively heated permeable sheet. The ferrous oxide (Fe3O4) and Gold (Au) nanoparticles have been dispersed in the blood. The significances of thermal radiation, inclined magnetic field, and space-dependent heat source have been observed in this work. The modeled equations are presented in the form of partial differential equations and reformed into the set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the similarity substitution. The Matlab built-in package (bvp4c) is employed to resolve the transform nonlinear set of ODEs. The significance of flow constraints versus the velocity and temperature profiles is demonstrated in the form of Figures and Tables. The numerical outcomes for the physical interest quantities are presented in tables. It has been perceived from the results that raising the angle of inclination from 0° to 90° reduces both the velocity and energy profile. The escalating values of Eckert number, constant heat source, and space-dependent heat source factor accelerate the temperature profile. The velocity and temperature distributions are very effective in the cases of hybrid nanofluid (Au–Fe3O4/blood) when compared to nanofluid (Au/blood). The skin friction and rate of heat transfer are very effective in the cases of hybrid nanofluid (Au–Fe3O4/blood) when compared to nanofluid (Au/blood).

Keywords

• hybrid nanofluid
• mhd
• space-dependent heat source
• thermal-dependent heat source
• porous media
• joule heating