Phase composition and biocompatibility of calcium phosphate coatings on titanium enriched with hydroxyapatite

Abstract

Calcium phosphate coatings containing brushite, calcite, and apatite were obtained by electrochemical deposition on titanium plates at room temperature, pH 5, constant current density 30 mA/cm2, from CaCO3/Ca(H2PO4)2 suspension electrolyte. A layer of amorphous apatite was deposited by the biomimetic method, by keeping the coatings in a concentrated modeling solution of Simulated Body Fluid. As a result of heat treatment at 800°C, apatite crystallized into hydroxyapatite, calcite decomposed to calcium oxide, and titanium was covered with a layer of titanium (IV) oxide. Preclinical studies on rats in vivo for 3 months showed increased osseointegration of plates with calcium phosphate coatings compared to uncoated titanium. Titanium implants with calcium phosphate coatings enriched with hydroxyapatite are promising for use in neurosurgery, dentistry, orthopedics due to the absence of inflammatory reactions from the body and increased osseointegration.

Keywords

• calcium phosphate coatings
• brushite
• calcite
• sbf model solution
• apatite
• hydroxyapatite