Dietary effects on biomarkers of growth, stress, and welfare of diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during parr-smolt transformation

Martina Bortoletti; Lisa Maccatrozzo; Stefano Peruzzi; Jo Espen Tau Strand; Malcolm Jobling; Giuseppe Radaelli; Daniela Bertotto

Aquaculture Reports (Jun 2022)

Dietary effects on biomarkers of growth, stress, and welfare of diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during parr-smolt transformation

Martina Bortoletti,
Lisa Maccatrozzo,
Stefano Peruzzi,
Jo Espen Tau Strand,
Malcolm Jobling,
Giuseppe Radaelli,
Daniela Bertotto

Affiliations

Martina Bortoletti: Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro I-35020, Italy
Lisa Maccatrozzo: Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro I-35020, Italy
Stefano Peruzzi: Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
Jo Espen Tau Strand: Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
Malcolm Jobling: Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
Giuseppe Radaelli: Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro I-35020, Italy; Corresponding author.
Daniela Bertotto: Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro I-35020, Italy

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 24
p. 101123

Abstract

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Triploidy is induced in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to produce sterile fish for genetic containment and to hinder early sexual maturation in farmed fish, but it can have unwanted negative effects on growth, health, and welfare. However, the growth and welfare of triploid fish may be improved by adjusting the rearing environment, feeding conditions and diets. This study evaluated physiological changes and used a suite of biomarkers to assess the potential impact of diet on growth and welfare of diploid and triploid salmon during the parr-smolt transformation. Diploids and triploids, held at low temperature, were fed a standard salmon feed or one with hydrolyzed fish proteins thought to be suitable for triploid Atlantic salmon. Fish muscle was collected monthly from October to December (2454–3044 degree-days post-start feeding, ddPSF) for analysis of biomarkers, and the progress of the parr-smolt transformation was monitored using a seawater challenge test. Real-Time PCR and radioimmunoassay were used to assess growth and stress response biomarkers (expression of genes of the GH-IGF axis and HSP70; cortisol concentrations), and oxidative stress biomarkers of lipids (MDA) and proteins (AOPP) were assayed. Changes in the biomarkers were related to sampling time rather than being associated with diet or ploidy, and the changes were compatible with the progression of the parr-smolt transformation. Growth and expressions of the biomarkers in triploid Atlantic salmon were similar to those of their diploid counterparts, and there was no evidence that the rearing conditions employed in the study resulted in stress responses being elicited. Overall, the physiological indicators and biomarkers employed in this study did not point to there being any dietary effects on performance and welfare of diploid and triploid salmon that were undergoing parr-smolt transformation.

Published in Aquaculture Reports

ISSN: 2352-5134 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Agriculture: Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/aquaculture-reports/

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