Дискурс Пи (Nov 2023)
The Ideological Evolution of the Pioneer Movement in the USSR, the GDR and Yugoslavia in the Context of Post-Conflict Projects of a Human
Abstract
The article examines the discourse of post-conflict projects of a human that appeared or were transformed as a result of the Second World War. The author distinguishes between the terms “post-war” and “post-conflict”. If the first one means only a period of time after any war, then the second one implies the final stage in the life cycle of a conflict. The “hot” phase of a conflict proceeded in the form of war, whereas the final stage is marked by the restructuring of projects of a human and their adaptation to new realities. From the point of view of creating the desirable future, it is children and youth that are the most important material for the actors and institutions of designing a human. The article analyzes changes in the activities of pioneer organizations of the USSR, the GDR, and Yugoslavia. It is noted that the reforms carried out in the Soviet Union also affected other countries of the socialist camp. The main goal is the realization of a new project of a human. A diligent student and adult assistant replaced the young revolutionary fighter and partisan hero. Pioneer self-government was increasingly subordinated to the school as an educational institution. The Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organization, founded in East Germany in 1948, sought to form a peaceful, collectivist personality. Much attention was paid to overcoming the experience of the war and participation in Nazi children’s organizations. In the post-war period, the Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia (“Tito’s pioneers”), created in 1942, was focused on the common to the socialist camp direction of work with children. However, it wasthis country where the tendency towards the demilitarization ofthe pioneer movement was most clearly manifested, and started being regarded as an institution for organizing leisure and education in a peaceful manner.
Keywords
