Thermal Decomposition Kinetic Study and Mass Loss Prediction of Desensitized RDX Energetic Material Using DTA/TGA Thermal Analysis and Accelerated Ageing Technique

Abstract

A4 explosive, containing 96.5 wt. % RDX and 3.5 wt. % paraffin wax, is one of the main components in the ammunitions, and warheads of military rockets and missiles. In this work, the thermal behavior and the decomposition kinetics of this explosive has been studied experimentally by non-isothermal differential thermal analysis technique (DTA) and thermal gravimetric (TG) methods, under various heating rates (2.0-8.0 °C/min). Kinetic parameters such as activation energy and frequency factor and critical ignition temperatures for thermal decomposition of these explosives have been evaluated via the fitting-model and free-model methods, proposed by International Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (ICTAC). The results show a single thermal decomposition process for A4, with the integral fitting- model of [-Ln(1-α)]1/3, indicating an autocatalytic degradation with 3-dimensional diffusion mechanism. The mean kinetic parameters of activation energy (Ea) and A of exothermic decomposition of these explosives, calculated by Kissinger, Ozawa, Friedman and KAS methods, are near to 190.397 kJ/mol and 1.89E+22 min-1. The kinetics results were used for the estimation of mass loss prediction of mentioned explosives and were statistically compared to experimental accelerated ageing consequences. By using this method, it is possible to be predicted the lifetime of explosives in the temperatures near to decompositions regions.

Keywords

• explosive
• desensitized rdx
• dta/tg thermal analysis
• thermokinetics
• activation energy