Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of new sphingolipids and other constituents isolated from Cissus incisa leaves
Deyani Nocedo-Mena,
Verónica M. Rivas-Galindo,
Patricia Navarro,
Elvira Garza-González,
Leticia González-Maya,
María Yolanda Ríos,
Abraham García,
Francisco G. Ávalos-Alanís,
José Rodríguez-Rodríguez,
María del Rayo Camacho-Corona
Affiliations
Deyani Nocedo-Mena
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico; Department of Organic Chemistry II, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain; Corresponding author.
Verónica M. Rivas-Galindo
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina. Av. Gonzalitos and Madero S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
Patricia Navarro
General Research Services, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
Elvira Garza-González
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”. Av. Gonzalitos and Madero S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
Leticia González-Maya
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Facultad de Farmacia. Av. Universidad 1001, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
María Yolanda Ríos
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA. Av. Universidad 1001, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Abraham García
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
Francisco G. Ávalos-Alanís
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
José Rodríguez-Rodríguez
Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey. Av. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur, Tecnológico, 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
María del Rayo Camacho-Corona
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico; Corresponding author.x
Cissus incisa is used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat certain ailments, infectious or cancerous diseases. Excepting for our previous research, this species had no scientific reports validating its traditional use. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of the sphingolipids and others phytocompounds isolated from C. incisa leaves to increase the scientific knowledge of the Mexican flora. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by the Microdilution method. Meanwhile, the cytotoxic potential was determined on six human cancer cells: PC3, Hep3B, HepG2, MCF7, A549, and HeLa; using an aqueous solution cell proliferation assay kit. A cell line of immortalized human hepatocytes (IHH) was included as a control of non-cancerous cells. Selectivity index (SI) was determined only against the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. The phytochemical investigation of C. incisa leaves resulted in the isolation and characterization of five compounds: 2-(2′-hydroxydecanoyl amino)-1,3,4-hexadecanotriol-8-ene (1), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl tetracosanoate (2), β-sitosterol-D-glucopyranoside (3), α-amyrin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), and a mixture of cerebrosides (5). Until now, this is the first report of the sphingolipids (1), (5-IV) and (5-V). Only the compound (4) and cerebrosides (5) exhibited antibacterial activity reaching a MIC value of 100 μg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to carbapenems. While, the acetylated derivate of (3), compound (3Ac) showed the best cytotoxic result against PC3 (IC50 = 43 ± 4 μg/mL) and Hep3B (IC50 = 49.0 ± 4 μg/mL) cancer cell lines. Likewise, (3Ac) achieved better SI values on HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines. This research reveals the importance of study medicinal plants, to identify bioactive molecules as sources of potential drugs. The presence of these compounds allows us to justify the use of this plant in traditional Mexican medicine.
