Гуманитарные и юридические исследования (Nov 2022)
Studying the history of the Cossacks in the Stavropol territory: state and prospects
Abstract
The history of the Cossacks is one of the promising areas of domestic Caucasian studies. The greatest attention of researchers is attracted by the history of the Terek, Kuban, Don and Linear Cossack troops, which is closely connected with the history of the colonization of the North Caucasus and the South of Russia. The article discusses the historiography of studying the history of the Cossacks through the prism of the works of Stavropol historians, in relation to the pre-revolutionary period, the works of those military historians and researchers who lived for a certain time on the territory of Stavropol and wrote about the history of the Cossacks. The change in the stages of historiography was associated with a change in political orientations in society and affected its content. The pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern stages of the national historiography of the problem of the South Russian Cossacks are considered sequentially, the works of historians, problems, trends and features of research are analyzed. It is shown that a significant role in the formation of the historiographic tradition of studying the history of the Cossacks was played by military historians of the 19th - early 20th centuries, whose writings were of a military-strategic nature and were made in the form of military-topographical, military-statistical, statistical-geographical and historical-geographical descriptions. The Soviet stage is characterized by significant research in the field of the military-political history of the North Caucasus in the 19th century, the appearance of the first generalizing works, including those on the history of the North Caucasus, those territories where the Cossacks densely lived. A distinctive feature of the current stage of domestic historical science is the emergence of new approaches and methods to the study of the history of the Cossacks, the definition of the following areas of research: the phenomenon of the Russian Cossacks; Cossacks and Russian statehood; historical traditions of Cossack self-government; the interaction of the Cossacks, authorities and the church at various stages of the history of Russia; Cossacks in the state-national and cultural policy of the Russian Empire; Cossack colonization in the North Caucasus and the history of the Caucasian War; Cossacks and the Soviet power, decossackization, Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War, problems of the revival of the Cossacks; modern development of the Cossacks in Russia; Cossacks in the history and culture of foreign states; Cossacks in the space of historical memory of Soviet and post-Soviet societies; preservation of the historical heritage, material and spiritual culture of the Russian Cossacks.
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