Cyanidiophyceae (Rhodophyta) Tolerance to Precious Metals: Metabolic Response to Palladium and Gold
Maria Sirakov,
Maria Palmieri,
Manuela Iovinella,
Seth J. Davis,
Milena Petriccione,
Maria Rosa di Cicco,
Mario De Stefano,
Claudia Ciniglia
Affiliations
Maria Sirakov
Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
Maria Palmieri
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università Degli Studi di Caserta “L. Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Manuela Iovinella
Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
Seth J. Davis
Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
Milena Petriccione
Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’analisi Dell’economia Agraria (CREA)-Unità di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura, Via Torrino 3, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Maria Rosa di Cicco
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università Degli Studi di Caserta “L. Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Mario De Stefano
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università Degli Studi di Caserta “L. Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Claudia Ciniglia
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università Degli Studi di Caserta “L. Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Polyextremophilic red algae, which belong to the class Cyanidiophyceae, are adapted to live in geothermal and volcanic sites. These sites often have very high concentrations of heavy and precious metals. In this study, we assessed the capacity of three strains of Galdieria (G. maxima, G. sulphuraria, and G. phlegrea) and one strain of Cyanidiumcaldarium to tolerate different concentrations of precious metals, such as palladium (Cl4K2Pd) and gold (AuCl4K) by monitoring algal growths in cultures exposed to metals, and we investigated the algae potential oxidative stress induced by the metals. This work provides further understanding of metals responses in the Cyanidiophyceae, as this taxonomic class is developed as a biological refinement tool.
