Regulating Androgen Receptor Function in Prostate Cancer: Exploring the Diversity of Post-Translational Modifications

Abstract

Androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity significantly influences prostate cancer (PCa) progression. In addition to ligand stimulation, AR transcriptional activity is also influenced by a variety of post-translational modifications (PTMs). A number of oncogenes and tumor suppressors have been observed leveraging PTMs to influence AR activity. Subjectively targeting these post-translational modifiers based on their impact on PCa cell proliferation is a rapidly developing area of research. This review elucidates the modifiers, contextualizes the effects of these PTMs on AR activity, and connects these cellular interactions to the progression of PCa.

Keywords

• androgen receptor
• post-translational modifications
• prostate cancer
• acetylation
• methylation
• phosphorylation