Next Generation Sequencing and Comparative Genomic Analysis Reveal Extreme Plasticity of Two <i>Burkholderia glumae</i> Strains HN1 and HN2
Sai Wang,
Wenhan Nie,
Ayizekeranmu Yiming,
Peihong Wang,
Yan Wu,
Jin Huang,
Iftikhar Ahmad,
Gongyou Chen,
Longbiao Guo,
Bo Zhu
Affiliations
Sai Wang
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Wenhan Nie
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Ayizekeranmu Yiming
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Peihong Wang
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Yan Wu
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Jin Huang
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Iftikhar Ahmad
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Gongyou Chen
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Longbiao Guo
State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
Bo Zhu
Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Burkholderia glumae is an important rice pathogen, thus the genomic and evolutionary history may be helpful to control this notorious pathogen. Here, we present two complete genomes of the B. glumae strains HN1 and HN2, which were isolated from diseased rice seed in China. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis shows greater than 99% similarity of the strains HN1 and HN2 with other published B. glumae genomes. Genomic annotation revealed that the genome of strain HN1 consists of five replicons (6,680,415 bp) with an overall G + C content of 68.06%, whereas the genome of strain HN2 comprises of three replicons (6,560,085 bp) with an overall G + C content of 68.34%. The genome of HN1 contains 5434 protein-coding genes, 351 pseudogenes, and 1 CRISPR, whereas the genome of HN2 encodes 5278 protein-coding genes, 357 pseudogenes, and 2 CRISPR. Both strains encode many pathogenic-associated genes (143 genes in HN1 vs. 141 genes in HN2). Moreover, comparative genomic analysis shows the extreme plasticity of B. glumae, which may contribute to its pathogenicity. In total, 259 single-copy genes were affected by positive selection. These genes may contribute to the adaption to different environments. Notably, six genes were characterized as virulence factors which may be an additional way to assist the pathogenicity of B. glumae.
