iScience (Sep 2022)
3D visualization processes for recreating and studying organismal form
- Duncan J. Irschick,
- Fredrik Christiansen,
- Neil Hammerschlag,
- Johnson Martin,
- Peter T. Madsen,
- Jeanette Wyneken,
- Annabelle Brooks,
- Adrian Gleiss,
- Sabrina Fossette,
- Cameron Siler,
- Tony Gamble,
- Frank Fish,
- Ursula Siebert,
- Jaymin Patel,
- Zhan Xu,
- Evangelos Kalogerakis,
- Joshua Medina,
- Atreyi Mukherji,
- Mark Mandica,
- Savvas Zotos,
- Jared Detwiler,
- Blair Perot,
- George Lauder
Affiliations
- Duncan J. Irschick
- Department of Biology, 221 Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Corresponding author
- Fredrik Christiansen
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Neil Hammerschlag
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA; Shark Research and Conservation Program, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Johnson Martin
- 329 E Main Street, Wilmore, KY 40390, USA
- Peter T. Madsen
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Jeanette Wyneken
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431-0991, USA
- Annabelle Brooks
- Cape Eleuthera Institute, PO Box EL-26029, Rock Sound, Eleuthera, The Bahamas
- Adrian Gleiss
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Sabrina Fossette
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, 17 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia
- Cameron Siler
- Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Avenue, Norman, OK 73072-7029, USA
- Tony Gamble
- Marquette University, Wehr Life Sciences 109, 1428 W. Clybourn Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 W. Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Bell Museum of Natural History, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, Minnesota 551088, USA
- Frank Fish
- Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, USA
- Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Werftstrasse 6, 25761 Buesum, Germany
- Jaymin Patel
- Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry, 3223 North Broad Street Philadelphia, PE 19140, USA
- Zhan Xu
- College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 140 Governors Dr., Amherst, MA, USA
- Evangelos Kalogerakis
- College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 140 Governors Dr., Amherst, MA, USA
- Joshua Medina
- Department of Biology, 221 Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Atreyi Mukherji
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Mark Mandica
- Amphibian Foundation, 4055 Roswell Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
- Savvas Zotos
- Terra Cypria–the Cyprus Conservation Foundation, Agiou Andreou 341, 3035 Limassol, Cyprus; School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Open University of Cyprus, PO Box 12794, 2252 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Jared Detwiler
- 22 Hooker Avenue Unit 1, Northampton, MA 01060, USA
- Blair Perot
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-2210, USA
- George Lauder
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 25,
no. 9
p. 104867
Abstract
Summary: The study of biological form is a vital goal of evolutionary biology and functional morphology. We review an emerging set of methods that allow scientists to create and study accurate 3D models of living organisms and animate those models for biomechanical and fluid dynamic analyses. The methods for creating such models include 3D photogrammetry, laser and CT scanning, and 3D software. New multi-camera devices can be used to create accurate 3D models of living animals in the wild and captivity. New websites and virtual reality/augmented reality devices now enable the visualization and sharing of these data. We provide examples of these approaches for animals ranging from large whales to lizards and show applications for several areas: Natural history collections; body condition/scaling, bioinspired robotics, computational fluids dynamics (CFD), machine learning, and education. We provide two datasets to demonstrate the efficacy of CFD and machine learning approaches and conclude with a prospectus.
