The Novelties Producing by Ozonolysis of Petroleum High-Molecular Components

Abstract

Specific properties of ozonolysis products of high-molecular heteroatomic compounds (resins and asphaltenes) from crude petroleums and natural bitumens are described. It is shown that polyfunctional carboxylic acids or their salts obtaining by alkaline hydrolysis of ozonization products of heavy petroleum stocks permits to produce manifold useful novelties such as high-effective demulsifiers for petroleum dehydration process instead of expensive synthetic demulsifying reagents; water-soluble organic astringents suitable for chemical land-reclamation or to prepare moulding mixtures at the foundries; oily or emulsion lubricating coolants for metal-working tools; stimulators of soil microorganisms activity and plant growth. The new chemical products of petroleum origin are not inferior to the best synthetic reagents for the same destinations but differ from the lasts advantageously on account of the simplicity of their production technology and low cost. The optimal expenses and other principal technological parameters were established both for raw material ozonization, following alkaline treatment and final product isolation stages of the production process for each new reagent described. By means of numerous laboratory experiments and field tests performed with seeds, bulbs and grafts of different agricultural plants and with ozonolysis products produced from the resinous components of different crude petroleums it was proved that high biological activity is characteristic only of the substances obtained from high-molecular compounds from low-sulfur naphthenic crude petroleums and natural bitumens occurring, as a rule, at small burial depths. These ozonolysis products are very effective stimulants for the different plants growth, suitable for a treatment of different forms of planting materials and providing significant acceleration of early growth stages, the reduction of vegetation and ripening periods, and the increase of total productivity of agricultural plants.