Lateral Opening-Wedge Distal Femoral Osteotomy Made Easy: Tips and Tricks

Abstract

A lateral opening-wedge distal femoral osteotomy is useful to offload the lateral tibiofemoral compartment for focal chondral defects or isolated lateral compartment arthritis. Although beneficial for these lateral compartment disorders, a distal femoral osteotomy requires careful forethought to optimize correction accuracy and safety. We recommend the following for effective execution of a distal femoral osteotomy: (1) Plan the desired correction preoperatively while accounting for an individual patient’s anatomy and femoral width. (2) Perform an iliotibial band Z-lengthening for large deformity corrections to not overconstrain the lateral structures. (3) Use the plate to help guide the level of the osteotomy, which will facilitate bony contact after the osteotomy and decrease plate prominence. (4) Perform the osteotomy with a saw anteriorly and an osteotome posteriorly for safety and stop the osteotomy approximately 1 cm short of the far cortex. (5) Fashion tricortical wedge grafts at the height of the planned correction to maintain reduction and facilitate plate placement. (6) Control the plate position to lie optimally at the level of the osteotomy, ensuring it is not proud and is parallel with the femoral shaft. With these presurgical and intraoperative steps, a lateral opening-wedge distal femoral osteotomy can be performed effectively.