Mouthwash Formulation Co-Delivering Quercetin and Mint Oil in Liposomes Improved with Glycol and Ethanol and Tailored for Protecting and Tackling Oral Cavity
Ines Castangia,
Maria Manconi,
Mohamad Allaw,
Matteo Perra,
Germano Orrù,
Sara Fais,
Alessandra Scano,
Elvira Escribano-Ferrer,
Mansureh Ghavam,
Maryam Rezvani,
Maria Letizia Manca
Affiliations
Ines Castangia
Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Maria Manconi
Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Mohamad Allaw
Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Matteo Perra
Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Germano Orrù
Molecular Biology Service Laboratory, Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Sara Fais
Molecular Biology Service Laboratory, Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Alessandra Scano
Molecular Biology Service Laboratory, Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Elvira Escribano-Ferrer
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
Mansureh Ghavam
Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan 8731753153, Iran
Maryam Rezvani
Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Maria Letizia Manca
Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
The aim of this work was the simultaneous loading of quercetin and mint essential oil (mint oil) in phospholipid vesicles specifically tailored to obtain an antibacterial and antioxidant mouthwash. The vesicles were prepared using soy lecithin and Tween 80 as bilayer components, and a mixture of phosphate buffer solution (33%), propylene glycol (33%) and ethanol (33%) as dispersing phase. The formation of regularly shaped, spherical and unilamellar vesicles was confirmed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy analyses. Similarly, light scattering results disclosed that the size of the vesicles increased by increasing the concentration of mint oil, but at the same time the high amount of mint oil ensured high stability, as the size of these vesicles remained unchanged during 12 months of storage. All tested formulations were highly biocompatible towards epithelial cells and capable of counteracting oxidative cell damages caused by hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the vesicles prepared with the highest concentration of mint oil inhibited the proliferation of the cariogenic Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus).
