Гуманитарные и юридические исследования (May 2024)
Some theoretical and practical features of the national policy of the Bolshevik Party in the 1920s
Abstract
Abstract. Introduction. The relevance of the problem considered in the article is due to the possibility to use the experience of the organization of the Soviet state and interethnic relations in the Soviet period in order to improve national policy in modern Russia. The novelty of the research is connected with the study of the problem that has not received proper coverage in the historical literature. The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of the theory and practice of the national policy of the Bolshevik Party in the 1920s. Materials and Methods. The study of the problem of the national policy of the Bolshevik Party was carried out on the basis of the principles of objectivity, historicism and a systematic approach. Historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods were used in the preparation of the study. Analysis. According to the theory of Marxism, it was assumed that as capitalism developed, the consolidation of production would lead to the process of unification of nations. During the transition to socialism, these processes would acquire an irreversible character thanks to the destruction of human exploitation by man and the division of people according to class and national characteristics. It was believed that developed Western countries were ready for these transformations, in which the prerequisites for the transition from capitalism to socialism had already matured. However, due to historical circumstances, the socialist revolution took place in such a medium-developed country as Russia. In an effort to strengthen the position of the young Soviet state, a number of transformations were carried out by the Bolsheviks, including the exercise of the right of nations to self-determination. At the same time, during the formation of the USSR, the supremacy of the central party organs in the management of the Union state was ensured. During the implementation of Stalin’s concept of building socialism in a single country, the idea of a historical leap of backward peoples from feudalism to socialism was realized, bypassing the stage of capitalist formation. Results. The study has determined that the main feature of the national policy of the Bolshevik
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