Synthesis, Structure and <i>In Vitro</i> Anticancer Activity of Pd(II) Complex of Pyrazolyl-<i>s</i>-Triazine Ligand; A New Example of Metal-Mediated Hydrolysis of <i>s</i>-Triazine Pincer Ligand

Abstract

The square planar complex [Pd(PT)Cl(H2O)]*H2O (HPT: 6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione) was obtained by the reaction of 2-methoxy-4,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (MBPT) pincer ligand with PdCl2 in a molar ratio (1:1) under thermal conditions and using acetone as a solvent. The reaction proceeded via C-N cleavage of one C-N moiety that connects the pyrazole and s-triazine combined with the hydrolysis of the O-CH3 group. The reaction of the chloride salt of its higher congener (PtCl2) gave [Pt(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole)2Cl2]. The crystal structure of [Pd(PT)Cl(H2O)]*H2O complex is stabilized by inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding interactions. Hirshfeld analysis revealed that the H...H (34.6%), O...H (23.6%), and Cl...H (7.8%) interactions are the major contacts in the crystal. The charges at Pd, H2O, Cl and PT are changed to 0.4995, 0.2216, −0.4294 and −0.2917 instead of +2, 0, −1 and −1, respectively, using the MPW1PW91 method. [Pd(PT)Cl(H2O)]*H2O complex has almost equal activities against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 of 38.3 µg/mL.

Keywords

• Pd(II) complex
• pyrazole
• <i>s</i>-triazine
• hirshfeld
• DFT
• MCF-7