Frontiers in Immunology (Dec 2022)

Fc receptor engagement of HIV-1 Env-specific antibodies in mothers and infants predicts reduced vertical transmission

  • Brittani M. Barrows,
  • Brittani M. Barrows,
  • Brittani M. Barrows,
  • Shelly J. Krebs,
  • Shelly J. Krebs,
  • Ningbo Jian,
  • Ningbo Jian,
  • Michelle Zemil,
  • Michelle Zemil,
  • Bonnie M. Slike,
  • Bonnie M. Slike,
  • Vincent Dussupt,
  • Vincent Dussupt,
  • Ursula Tran,
  • Ursula Tran,
  • Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera,
  • Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera,
  • David Chang,
  • David Chang,
  • Anne Marie O’Sullivan,
  • Anne Marie O’Sullivan,
  • Brendan Mann,
  • Brendan Mann,
  • Eric Sanders-Buell,
  • Eric Sanders-Buell,
  • Zhanna Shubin,
  • Zhanna Shubin,
  • Matt Creegan,
  • Matt Creegan,
  • Dominic Paquin-Proulx,
  • Dominic Paquin-Proulx,
  • Philip Ehrenberg,
  • Philip Ehrenberg,
  • Agnes Laurence-Chenine,
  • Agnes Laurence-Chenine,
  • Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai,
  • Rasmi Thomas,
  • Michael A. Eller,
  • Michael A. Eller,
  • Guido Ferrari,
  • Merlin Robb,
  • Merlin Robb,
  • Venigalla Rao,
  • Sodsai Tovanabutra,
  • Sodsai Tovanabutra,
  • Victoria R. Polonis,
  • Lindsay Wieczorek,
  • Lindsay Wieczorek

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051501
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13

Abstract

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IntroductionInfants acquire maternal antibodies by Fc receptor transcytosis across the placenta during pregnancy. Fc receptors are expressed on immune cells and are important for activation of effector cell functions.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated Fc receptor engagement and ADCC activity of plasma binding antibodies from human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) -infected mothers and to identify factors that may contribute to protection from HIV vertical transmission.ResultsHIV-specific binding and Fc receptor engagement of plasma antibodies varied between mothers by transmission status and infants by infection status. Non-transmitting (NT) mothers and HIV-uninfected infants had antibodies with higher neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and FcγR engagement, as compared to transmitting (T) mothers and HIV+ infants, respectively. A significant inverse correlation between plasma antibody FcRn and FcγR engagement was observed for T mothers, but not NT mothers. Conversely, a significant direct correlation was observed between plasma antibody FcRn and FcγR engagement for HIV- infants, but not for HIV+ infants. Consequently, we observed significantly higher plasma antibody ADCC potency and breadth in HIV- infants, as compared to HIV+ infants. However, no differences in overall ADCC potency and breadth were observed between mothers. FcRn-engagement of HIV-specific antibodies in both mothers and infants predicted a lack of vertical transmission of HIV.DiscussionThis study indicates that HIV-uninfected infants acquire HIV-specific antibodies with greater Fc receptor engagement and thus, greater ADCC capacity.

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