Clinical presentation and outcome in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome – A prospective study

Abstract

Background: Acute chest pain is one of the most common reasons for seeking care in the emergency department. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a spectrum of diseases comprising unstable angina (UA), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The present study was undertaken to study the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with ACS. Methods: In this prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Tirupati, during the period February 2015 to June 2016, demographic, clinical profile, treatment modalities and outcome in patients with ACS were studied. Results: A total of 1034 patients with ACS presented to the emergency room, during the study period. Mean age of the study population was 56.7 ± 11.7 years. STEMI accounted for 67% of the cases. Three hundred and forty one patients (33%) presented with NSTEMI (n = 256) and UA (n = 85). In 823 patients with ACS (79.6%), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting was done, and among those, primary PCI was done in 196 cases. Mean duration of stay in the hospital was 4.86 ± 1.5 days. Thirty-seven cases (3.9%) expired during the follow-up period. Reinfarction in minority cases (0.8%). Conclusions: In the present study, ACS is more common in the younger age group with male predominance. Majority of the patients presented with Killip Class I. Most of the patients underwent PCI.

Keywords

• acute coronary syndrome
• clinical profile
• percutaneous coronary intervention