A Jurisprudential and Legal Feasibility Study on Granting the Right to Change a Defective Good to the Buyer with Emphasis on Imam Khomeini's Viewpoints

Abstract

The right to replace defective goods is the right that is granted to a buyer with the presupposition that the commodity is defective in order to oblige the seller to replace the defective goods with a proper one. In this article, while explaining the definition of the replacement right and distinguishing it from the right to return and repair defective goods, the advantages and bases of the replacement right, its scope and status in jurisprudence and law have been studied with an emphasis on the viewpoints of Imam Khomeini. In this article, it is argued, since the right to replacement has a wider scope than other compensation methods, in addition to satisfying the customer, facilitates and accelerates the buyer's access to proper goods and reduces the costs. Moreover, the granting of this right is in accordance with the protective laws as well as relying on Article 10 of the Civil Code it is also accessible through guarantee contracts envisaged in the contract or stipulation of different obligations. In Islamic jurisprudence, this right is also accepted as the right of replacement (Hagh-e-Ebdal) in the case of overall defective goods, although in the case of specific goods, relying on principle of due fulfillment of contractual obligations, the assumption of the possibility of replacement of defective goods is defendable. Based on the above argument, the authority of the judge in choosing the method of compensation and issuing a verdict for obligatory replacement of goods, according to Article 3 of the Civil Liability Law, commercial practice, the rational way of society and the need to establish an economic balance in the contract, greatly strengthens the existence of the right to replacement.

Keywords

• right to change
• specific good
• defective goods
• consumer
• imamiyah jurisprudence
• iran’s law