Functionalization and formation of drinking water filter rod from lignite with zeolite, bentonite, and clay

Abstract

A drinking water filter rod was functionalized and formed from a starting mixture of lignite, zeolite, bentonite, and clay. The formation of the filter was studied focusing on the effects of zeolite dosage and sintering temperature in a reducing atmosphere. The sintered filters were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS. The physical and chemical properties of filters were measured. The results showed that the firing shrinkage, the total shrinkage and hardness increased with increasing sintering temperature. However, mass yield and fixed carbon decreased with increasing sintering temperature. The functional surface groups of the sintered filter exhibited a high content of aluminosilicates and carbon, which were derived from all starting materials. The macropores of sintered filter had dimensions of the channels between particles in the range of 0.2-2 µm.

Keywords

• Drinking water filter
• functionalization
• forming
• zeolite
• lignite