Seasonal effects on blue-green space preferences: examining spatial configuration and residents’ perspectives

Abstract

Urban blue-green spaces offer numerous environmental and social benefits to human beings. As these spaces vary by season, residents’ preferences may also change. However, the seasonal differences in preferences and the factors influencing waterfront degree preferences in different seasons remain unclear. This study employs space syntax theory to measure the configurational attributes of blue-green spaces in Changhe Park, Dezhou, China, and utilizes a four-section questionnaire to investigate residents’ preferences. The methods applied in this research include convex analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman’s rho correlation analysis. The main findings are fourfold: (1) park users predominantly consist of older, less educated, and lower-income individuals; (2) blue spaces have higher choice values than green spaces; (3) season significantly impacts waterfront preferences, with 21.8% of respondents preferring high-degree waterfronts in summer, compared to 4.6% in winter; (4) age group is the sole decisive factor for blue space preference in summer, while sex and time spent in the park contribute to winter preferences. These findings contribute to the understanding of seasonal preferences for urban blue-green spaces and inform planning and design strategies, such as targeting specific demographic groups or adjusting waterfront features to enhance year-round appeal.

Keywords

• blue-green spaces
• seasonal preferences
• space syntax theory
• waterfront degrees
• urban park design