Effect of Phytopreparations Based on Bioreactor-Grown Cell Biomass of <i>Dioscorea deltoidea</i>, <i>Tribulus terrestris</i> and <i>Panax japonicus</i> on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Maria N. Povydysh,
Maria V. Titova,
Igor M. Ivanov,
Andrey G. Klushin,
Dmitry V. Kochkin,
Boris A. Galishev,
Elena V. Popova,
Dmitry Yu. Ivkin,
Vladimir G. Luzhanin,
Marina V. Krasnova,
Natalia V. Demakova,
Alexander M. Nosov
Affiliations
Maria N. Povydysh
Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Maria V. Titova
K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Igor M. Ivanov
K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Andrey G. Klushin
K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Dmitry V. Kochkin
K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Boris A. Galishev
Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 620026 Ekaterinburg, Russia
Elena V. Popova
K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Dmitry Yu. Ivkin
Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Vladimir G. Luzhanin
Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Marina V. Krasnova
Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Natalia V. Demakova
Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Alexander M. Nosov
K.A. Tymyryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35, ul. Botanicheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russia
In the present study, we explored the therapeutic potential of bioreactor-grown cell cultures of the medicinal plant species Dioscorea deltoidea, Tribulus terrestris and Panax japonicus to treat carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMDs) in laboratory rats. In the adrenaline model of hyperglycemia, aqueous suspensions of cell biomass pre-administered at a dose of 100 mg dry biomass/kg significantly reduced glucose level in animal blood 1–2.5 h (D. deltoidea and T. terrestris) or 1 h (P. japonicus) after adrenaline hydrochloride administration. In a streptozotocin-induced model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the cell biomass of D. deltoidea and T. terrestris acted towards normalization of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as evidenced by a significant reduction of daily diuresis (by 39–57%), blood-glucose level (by 46–51%), blood content in urine (by 78–80%) and total cholesterol (25–36%) compared to animals without treatment. Bioactive secondary metabolites identified in the cell cultures and potentially responsible for their actions were deltoside, 25(S)-protodioscin and protodioscin in D. deltoidea; furostanol-type steroidal glycosides and quinic acid derivatives in T. terrestris; and ginsenosides and malonyl-ginsenosides in P. japonicus. These results evidenced for high potential of bioreactor-grown cell suspensions of these species for prevention and treatment of CMD, which requires further investigation.