International Journal of Nanomedicine (Mar 2017)

Gold nanoparticles enhance TRAIL sensitivity through Drp1-mediated apoptotic and autophagic mitochondrial fission in NSCLC cells

  • Ke S,
  • Zhou T,
  • Yang P,
  • Wang Y,
  • Zhang P,
  • Chen K,
  • Ren L,
  • Ye S

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 12
pp. 2531 – 2551

Abstract

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Sunkui Ke,1 Tong Zhou,2 Peiyan Yang,3 Yange Wang,2 Peng Zhang,2 Keman Chen,2 Lei Ren,2 Shefang Ye2 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 2Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 3Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Although tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its agonistic receptors have been identified as highly promising antitumor agents preferentially eliminating cancer cells with minimal damage, the emergence of TRAIL resistance in most cancers may contribute to therapeutic failure. Thus, there is an urgent need for new approaches to overcome TRAIL resistance. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are one of the most promising nanomaterials that show immense antitumor potential via targeting various cellular and molecular processes; however, the effects of AuNPs on TRAIL sensitivity in cancer cells remain unclear. In this study, we found that AuNPs combined with TRAIL exhibited a greater potency in promoting apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells compared with TRAIL alone, suggesting that AuNPs sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL. Further experiments demonstrated that the combination of TRAIL and AuNPs was more effective in causing excessive mitochondrial fragmentation in cancer cells accompanied by a dramatic increase in mitochondrial recruitment of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial dysfunctions, and enhancement of autophagy induction. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing of Drp1 or inhibition of autophagy could effectively alleviate apoptosis in cells exposed to TRAIL combined with AuNPs. In vivo studies revealed that AuNPs augmented TRAIL sensitivity in tumor-bearing mice. Our data indicated that AuNPs potentiate apoptotic response to TRAIL in NSCLC cells through Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission, and TRAIL combined with AuNPs can be a potential chemotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of NSCLC. Keywords: AuNPs, TRAIL, mitochondrial dynamics, Drp1, autophagy/mitophagy

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