Chemical tempering of feldspathic porcelain for dentistry applications: A review
Edwin Ruales-Carrera,
Marcelo Dal Bó,
Wenceslau Fernandes das Neves,
Márcio Celso Fredel,
Claudia Angela Maziero Volpato,
Dachamir Hotza
Affiliations
Edwin Ruales-Carrera
Center for Research and Education on Dental Implants, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Marcelo Dal Bó
Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
Wenceslau Fernandes das Neves
Laboratory of Ceramic and Composite Materials (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Márcio Celso Fredel
Laboratory of Ceramic and Composite Materials (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Claudia Angela Maziero Volpato
Center for Research and Education on Dental Implants, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Ceramic and Composite Materials (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Dachamir Hotza
Laboratory of Ceramic and Composite Materials (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Ceramics Processing (PROCER), Department of Chemical Engineering (EQA), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Corresponding author. Laboratory of Ceramic and Composite Materials (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Feldspathic porcelains are the most used ceramics for esthetic dental restorations due to their superior optical properties and their adhesive behavior, standing out among all the others. However, their mechanical performance is usually not appropriate enough for the oral environment, being chipping and fracture the most commonly reported failures. Different approaches have been suggested to improve their mechanical behavior, including chemical tempering by ion exchange. However, the highlighting of other materials drew attention to this promising process, missing the opportunity to take advantage of the esthetic and adhesive characteristics of feldspathic porcelains in more demanding situations. Chemical tempering by ion exchange has evolved with remarkable improvements, offering new possibilities for feldspathic porcelains. Thus, a contemporary critical perspective is presented.
