Postoperative nausea and vomiting in pediatric patient sundergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Postoperative nausea and vomiting depend on a combination of several patient-dependent factors, surgical intervention and anesthesia. Objective: to know the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Service of the "José Luis Miranda" Hospital between February 2016 and February 2018.The variables studied were age, sex, smoking, American Anesthesia Association classification, history of postoperative nausea and vomiting and motion sickness (or both), anesthetic agents used, type of surgical intervention according to diagnosis, hospital stay, and surgical site approach, surgical time and presence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours. Results: the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 6.7%, with predominance in non-smokers, those with a history of postoperative nausea and vomiting and motion sickness (or both), in the strabismus operation, in the non-ambulatory surgical intervention, in patients with surgical times longer than 30 minutes and in those using halogenated agents. Conclusions: the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was low, and the greater the number of risk factors, the more postoperative nausea and vomiting occurred.

Keywords

• náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios
• anestesia general
• cirugía electiva
• niño