The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
CLASSY. IX. The Chemical Evolution of the Ne, S, Cl, and Ar Elements
- Karla Z. Arellano-Córdova,
- Danielle A. Berg,
- Matilde Mingozzi,
- Bethan L. James,
- Noah S. J. Rogers,
- Evan D. Skillman,
- Fergus Cullen,
- Ryan K. Alexander,
- Ricardo O. Amorín,
- John Chisholm,
- Matthew Hayes,
- Timothy Heckman,
- Svea Hernandez,
- Nimisha Kumari,
- Claus Leitherer,
- Crystal L. Martin,
- Michael Maseda,
- Themiya Nanayakkara,
- Kaelee Parker,
- Swara Ravindranath,
- Allison L. Strom,
- Fiorenzo Vincenzo,
- Aida Wofford
Affiliations
- Karla Z. Arellano-Córdova
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Royal Observatory, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UK ; [email protected], [email protected]; Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Danielle A. Berg
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Matilde Mingozzi
- ORCiD
- AURA for ESA, Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Bethan L. James
- ORCiD
- AURA for ESA, Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Noah S. J. Rogers
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA), Northwestern University , 1800 Sherman Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
- Evan D. Skillman
- ORCiD
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Fergus Cullen
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Royal Observatory, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UK ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Ryan K. Alexander
- ORCiD
- E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Hull, HU6 7RX, UK; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Center for the Evolution of the Elements (JINA-CEE) , 640 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Centre of Excellence for Data Science, AI, and Modelling (DAIM), University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston-upon-Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- Ricardo O. Amorín
- ORCiD
- ARAID Foundation, Centro de Estudios de Física del Cosmos de Aragón (CEFCA) , Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Plaza San Juan 1, E-44001 Teruel, Spain; Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de La Serena , Av. Juan Cisternas 1200 Norte, La Serena 1720236, Chile
- John Chisholm
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Matthew Hayes
- ORCiD
- Stockholm University , Department of Astronomy and Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
- Timothy Heckman
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysical Sciences , Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Svea Hernandez
- ORCiD
- AURA for ESA, Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Nimisha Kumari
- ORCiD
- AURA for ESA, Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Claus Leitherer
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Crystal L. Martin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Michael Maseda
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Themiya Nanayakkara
- ORCiD
- Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Kaelee Parker
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Swara Ravindranath
- ORCiD
- Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology II, Department of Physics, Catholic University of America , 620 Michigan Avenue N.E., Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Allison L. Strom
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Fiorenzo Vincenzo
- ORCiD
- E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Hull, HU6 7RX, UK; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Center for the Evolution of the Elements (JINA-CEE) , 640 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Aida Wofford
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Unidad Académica en Ensenada, Km 103 Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, México; Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad34cf
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 968,
no. 2
p. 98
Abstract
To study the chemical evolution across cosmic epochs, we investigate Ne, S, Cl, and Ar abundance patterns in the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph Legacy Archive Spectroscopic SurveY (CLASSY). CLASSY comprises local star-forming galaxies (SFGs; 0.02 8.5, likely due to ICFs. Thus, the applicability of the ICFs to integrated spectra of galaxies could bias results, underestimating true abundance ratios. Using CLASSY as a local reference, we assess the evolution of Ne/O, S/O, and Ar/O in galaxies at z > 3, finding no cosmic evolution of Ne/O, while the lack of direct abundance determinations for S/O and Ar/O can bias the interpretation of the evolution of these elements. We determine the fundamental metallicity relationship (FMR) for CLASSY and compare to the high-redshift FMR, finding no evolution. Finally, we perform the first mass–neon relationship analysis across cosmic epochs, finding a slight evolution to high Ne at later epochs. The robust abundance patterns of CLASSY galaxies and their broad range of physical properties provide essential benchmarks for interpreting the chemical enrichment of the early galaxies observed with the JWST.
Keywords
- Galaxy abundances
- Dwarf galaxies
- H II regions
- Gaseous nebulae
- High-redshift galaxies
- Compact dwarf galaxies
