International Journal of Nanomedicine (Jun 2024)
Recent Advances in Graphene Oxide-Based on Organoid Culture as Disease Model and Cell Behavior – A Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Haura Labibah Salsabil Sulaksono,1,* Annisa Annisa,2,* Rovina Ruslami,3,* Mufeeduzzaman Mufeeduzzaman,4,* Camellia Panatarani,4,5,* Wawan Hermawan,2,4,* Savira Ekawardhani,3,4,* I Made Joni4,5,* 1Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 4Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence (FiNder U-CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 5Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: I Made Joni; Savira Ekawardhani, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Due to their ability to replicate the in vivo microenvironment through cell interaction and induce cells to stimulate cell function, three-dimensional cell culture models can overcome the limitations of two-dimensional models. Organoids are 3D models that demonstrate the ability to replicate the natural structure of an organ. In most organoid tissue cultures, matrigel made of a mouse tumor extracellular matrix protein mixture is an essential ingredient. However, its tumor-derived origin, batch-to-batch variation, high cost, and safety concerns have limited the usefulness of organoid drug development and regenerative medicine. Its clinical application has also been hindered by the fact that organoid generation is dependent on the use of poorly defined matrices. Therefore, matrix optimization is a crucial step in developing organoid culture that introduces alternatives as different materials. Recently, a variety of substitute materials has reportedly replaced matrigel. The purpose of this study is to review the significance of the latest advances in materials for cell culture applications and how they enhance build network systems by generating proper cell behavior. Excellence in cell behavior is evaluated from their cell characteristics, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and even gene expression. As a result, graphene oxide as a matrix optimization demonstrated high potency in developing organoid models. Graphene oxide can promote good cell behavior and is well known for having good biocompatibility. Hence, advances in matrix optimization of graphene oxide provide opportunities for the future development of advanced organoid models. Keywords: organoid, cell culture, graphene, matrigel, alternative matrigel, cell behavior, host-pathogen
