Effects of seaweeds extract on growth, survival, antibacterial activities, and immune responses of Penaeus monodon against Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Abstract

Seaweeds can play an essential role in controlling antibiotic resistance for bacterial diseases. Three extracts of two brown seaweeds Padina tetrastromatica and Sargassum ilicifolium were investigated as growth promoters and to provide immune protection against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Extracts of the two seaweeds were administered at 2.5 and 5 g kg−1 with food for 45 days to Penaeus monodon juveniles. The maximum weight gain (6.28 and 7.08 g), specific growth rate (3.39 and 3.32%), and survival rate (78.45 and 82.45%) of the juvenile tiger shrimp were obtained at a dose of 5 g kg−1 with P. tetrastromatica extracted by methanol and ethanol, respectively; which was significantly higher than the other solvents and control group (p .05). However, the administration of 5 g kg−1 methanol and ethanol extract of P. tetrastromatica improved growth performance and the immune capacity of P. monodon by increasing their phenoloxidase activity, superoxide anion concentration, and resistance against V. parahaemolyticus.HIGHLIGHTS The maximum growth performance and survival of juvenile tiger shrimps obtained with Padina tetrastromatica extract at a dose of 5 g kg−1. The methanol extract of P. tetrastromatica and Sargassum ilicifolium had maximal antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus. The administration of 5 g kg−1 methanol and ethanol extract of P. tetrastromatica improved growth performance and the immune capacity of P. monodon.

Keywords

• immune response
• seaweed extract
• padina tetrastromatica
• sargassum ilicifolium