Displaced Geriatric Femoral Neck Fractures: A Retrospective Comparison of Total Hip Arthroplasties Versus Hemiarthroplasty

Abstract

Introduction Controversary exists around the best surgical management for traumatic geriatric displaced femoral neck fractures. The study objective was to compare outcomes among those managed with a total hip arthroplasty (THA) to those managed with a hemiarthroplasty (HA). Methods This retrospective matched cohort study included geriatric hip fractures (≥65 y/o) admitted 7/1/16-3/31/20. Patients were matched on having an advanced directive, pre-existing dementia, and age. Outcomes included: time to surgery, length of stay (LOS), blood loss volume, and discharge destination. THAs were compared to HAs; an alpha of <.05 indicated statistical significance. Results There were 191 patients: 86% were treated with HA and 14% with THA. Most (40%) were 80-89 years old, 66% were female, and 92% were white. After matching, the groups were well balanced on demographics and baseline characteristics with 27 patients/arm. The median time to surgery was 23 hours for both arms, P = .38. The LOS was significantly longer for those managed with a HA when compared to those managed with a THA, 5.6 vs 4.0 days, P = .001. The median blood loss volume was significantly lower for HAs than for THAs, but the difference was small, 100 vs 120 mL, P = .02. Patients managed with a HA were less likely to be discharged home than those managed with a THA, 22% vs 70%, P = .005. Conclusions While patients managed with a THA had significantly more blood loss than those managed with a HA, the difference in blood loss was small and not clinically relevant. Those managed with a THA experienced a significantly shorter LOS and were more likely to be discharged home than patients managed with a HA. Among a healthier, younger geriatric population, THA may lead to shortened LOS and improved discharge destinations when compared to HA for treatment of femoral neck fractures.