Mìžnarodnij Endokrinologìčnij Žurnal (Sep 2020)

Hormonal markers for prostate cancer and treatment of patients

  • O.V. Syniachenko,
  • M.I. Paliy,
  • Yu.V. Dumansky,
  • M.V. Yermolaieva,
  • O.Yu. Stoliarova

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.16.6.2020.215387
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16, no. 6
pp. 483 – 488

Abstract

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Background. In the structure of oncological pathology in men, prostate cancer occupies a leading position, while being the second most frequent cause of death in cases of malignant neoplasms. The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer, which is a hormone-dependent tumor, increase every year around the world. Among the biomarkers of the tumor process in prostate cancer, such sex and gonadotropic hormones as testosterone (TS) and luteinizing hormone (lutropin, LT) are discussed. Partially, this concerns a functional analogue of insulin — insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF). The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical and prognostic significance of hormonal tumor markers (TS, LT, IGF) in the blood of patients with prostate cancer. Materials and methods. The study included 195 men with prostate cancer aged 52 to 82 years. The exclusion criteria were patients with less than stage II of the pathological process. The duration since the diagnosis of the disease ranged from 5 months to 17 years. Adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 94 % of the examined patients, metastases in the lymph nodes were found in 39 %, in distant organs — in 19 %, in the skeleton — in 28 % of cases. Serum levels of TS and LT were studied by immunochemical analysis, and the content of IGF — by enzyme immunoassay. Results. An increase in the level of hormonal markers of prostate cancer, such as TS and IGF, is observed in the blood of 46 and 100 % of individuals, respectively, depending on the nature of the tumor process and its metastasis. The five-year survival rate of patients with prostate cancer depends on the initial Gleason criterion, the method of radiation therapy and the concurrent administration of anti-androgen hormone therapy. In the course of the treatment measures, the content of hormonal markers of the tumor process (TS, LT, IGF) in the blood significantly decreases, which is determined by the initial nature of the course of the disease. Conclusions. Studied hormonal biomarkers of prostate cancer are involved in the pathogenetic constructions of the disease and have diagnostic and prognostic significance in the course of treatment.

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