Foot Ulcers and Sleep Quality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background and Objective The study aimed to investigate the sleep quality of type 2 diabetic patients with and without foot ulcers, to determine whether there was a difference in sleep quality between them, and to examine the effect of diabetic foot ulcers on sleep quality. Methods Our prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between April and September 2021 at the Family Medicine Diabetes Clinic and Diabetic Foot Clinic of the hospital. A total of 146 patients were included in the study, of whom 64 had foot ulcers and 82 did not, and met the inclusion criteria. The patients were administered a patient information questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, waist circumference, HbA1c, diabetes duration, diabetes complication information, as well as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 61.94 ± 10.34 years. According to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index classification, 25.0% (n = 16) of individuals with diabetic foot ulcers had good sleep quality while 42.7% (n = 35) of individuals without diabetic foot ulcers had good sleep quality. A statistically significant relationship was found between diabetic foot ulcers and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index classification (p = 0.026). According to the multivariate logistic regression model, diabetic foot ulcers increased the risk of poor sleep quality by 2.64 times. Conclusions Our study showed that the presence of diabetic foot ulcers adversely affects sleep quality. Good sleep quality contributes to quality of life, wound healing, and diabetes control. Therefore, improving sleep quality in diabetic foot patients is important.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus type 2
• diabetic foot
• sleep
• sleep disorders