Long-term hydrometeorological observations (1952–2020) at the Lammin-Suo Peatland Station, north-west Russia

Abstract

This article presents the long-term (1952–2020) hydrometeorological observation dataset collected at the Lammin-Suo mire, Leningrad region, Russia. The Lammin-Suo mire is an active (currently peat forming) ombrotrophic mire with intensive peat accumulation and pine - shrub - Sphagnum microtopes, and is thus an example of the most common type of peatland in Eastern Fennoscandia. The data are representative of the wetland taiga region of north-west Russia and can be used to characterise the hydrometeorology and climate of peatland basins and to assess the response of hydrological cycling in peatland basins to changes in climate. The research at the Lammin-Suo Peatland Station focuses on hydrology, meteorology, soil processes and the landscape evolution of the peatland. The dataset includes air temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction, cloudiness, precipitation, evaporation, snow depth, peat temperature, peatland water level, groundwater level and temperature. Trend analysis shows a statistically significant warming of the air, peat and groundwater, an increase in precipitation, trends of increasing flow in some peatland streams and a decrease in snow cover duration and thickness. The article also provides an assessment of the water balance of the Lammin-Suo mire based on observational data. The database presented and described here is available for download at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5060039.

Keywords

• climate change
• database
• microtope
• ombrotrophic mire
• trend analyses
• water balance