IJCM_339A: Risk Factors for Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Mangalore: A Case Control Study

Abstract

Background: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the rupture of an intra- parenchymal vessel resulting in haemorrhage within the brain, often associated with stroke. The study was done to determine the association of intracerebral haemorrhage with duration of hypertension and other lifestyle factors among the adult patients. The study also includes association of the volume of ICH and its determinants related to hypertension. Methodology: A Record based Case Control study with cases involving the patient with ICH admitted to study hospital between January 1st 2014 and 31st December 2015 and control involving age and sex matched patients admitted during the study period. Results: Of the 118 patients, 41 cases (69.5%) and 12 controls (20.3%) had hypertension, with odds ratio 8.93. 40% of cases were suffering from hypertension for 5 years. 18.6% of ICH patients gave history of tobacco consumption and 30.5% gave history of alcohol consumption. 57.2% and 60% of ICH patients consumed tobacco and alcohol for more than 10 years respectively. Mean volume of intracerebral bleed in patients with hypertension is 12.4ml and without hypertension is 3.45ml. 23 patients had systolic BP more than 140mm of Hg and an average bleed of 10.33ml. Conclusion: ICH is the second commonest type of stroke, ischemic being the first one. Hypertension is the risk factor for ICH. Volume of bleed was higher among the patient who were hypertensive for longer duration and who had increased systolic BP.

Keywords

• hypertension
• intracerebral haemorrhage
• odds ratio
• stroke